Keangnam Landmark 72, now known as AON Landmark 72, stands as a prominent symbol of Hanoi’s modern skyline. Completed in 2011, this mixed-use supertall skyscraper held the title of Vietnam’s tallest building until 2018. This case study delves into the project’s history, development, architectural design, challenges, and its impact on Hanoi’s urban landscape.
The project was conceived as a landmark development, signifying a new era of economic progress and architectural ambition for Hanoi. The name “Landmark 72” reflects this aspiration, with “72” representing the tower’s 72 floors. The goal was to create a “city within a city,” a self-contained complex offering a comprehensive range of services and amenities.
South Korean firm Keangnam Enterprises spearheaded the project with a substantial investment exceeding US$1 billion, a significant portion of which was financed through bank loans. This investment underscored the growing interest in Vietnam’s burgeoning real estate market.
Strategically situated in Hanoi’s burgeoning new central business district in the Nam Từ Liêm district, the complex enjoys excellent connectivity to key areas of the city. Its location on Pham Hung Road provides easy access to transportation networks and places it in close proximity to government offices and commercial centers.
Supertall Structure: The complex comprises three towers: a central 72-story mixed-use tower reaching a height of 350 meters, flanked by two 48-story hotel towers. This design creates a visually striking silhouette on the Hanoi skyline.
Mixed-Use Functionality: The complex boasts a diverse range of functions, including a five-star InterContinental hotel, Grade A office spaces, serviced apartments, a shopping mall, a cinema, convention centers, medical clinics, and entertainment facilities. This mixed-use approach maximizes the utility of the space and caters to a wide range of needs.
Design Considerations: The curved facades of the residential towers maximize views of the city, while the main tower’s design incorporates modern architectural principles with energy-efficient features such as tempered glass and a smart air conditioning system. The complex also includes a large podium structure housing retail and entertainment spaces, connecting all three towers.
The construction of Keangnam Landmark 72, later AON Landmark 72, was a significant undertaking, marked by both impressive achievements and considerable challenges. The project commenced in August 2007, spearheaded by South Korean firm Keangnam Enterprises. At its peak, the construction site bustled with approximately 8,000 workers, a testament to the project’s scale and the rapid pace of development.
The complex’s design involved three distinct towers: a central 72-story mixed-use tower and two flanking 48-story hotel towers. The construction process involved a phased approach, with the two hotel towers topping out first at 212 meters, followed by the main tower reaching its full height of 350 meters in January 2011. This marked a significant milestone, establishing Landmark 72 as the tallest building in Vietnam at the time.
The construction process wasn’t without its difficulties. Several accidents occurred during construction, highlighting concerns about labor safety practices at the site. These incidents prompted investigations and temporary halts in construction, underscoring the importance of stringent safety protocols in such large-scale projects. Beyond safety concerns, the project also faced financial hurdles. Keangnam Enterprises experienced financial difficulties, leading to ownership changes and legal battles. These challenges ultimately resulted in AON Holdings acquiring a majority stake in the complex in 2015. Despite these setbacks, construction was completed in 2011, and the complex officially opened in May 2012.
InterContinental Hanoi Landmark72: Occupying the top floors of the main tower, this five-star hotel offers luxurious accommodations with panoramic city views. It boasts a range of dining options, a large club lounge, and extensive meeting and event facilities.
Sky72 Observatory: Located on the 72nd floor, this observatory provides breathtaking views of Hanoi and its surrounding areas. It features telescopes, 3D photo opportunities, and a “Wish Wall” for visitors to leave messages.
Retail and Entertainment: The complex houses a variety of retail outlets, restaurants, a cinema, and entertainment options, catering to both residents and visitors. This creates a vibrant and dynamic atmosphere within the complex.
Keangnam (AON) Landmark 72 stands as a testament to the transformative power of large-scale development projects. Despite facing financial and legal challenges, the complex has become a defining feature of Hanoi’s skyline and a significant contributor to the city’s economic and urban development. While its future ownership and management may continue to evolve, its legacy as a landmark structure and a symbol of Hanoi’s progress remains secure. As Hanoi continues to grow and develop, Landmark 72 will likely serve as a catalyst for further urban transformation in the surrounding area. The project’s mixed-use design, strategic location, and iconic stature position it as a key player in shaping the future of Hanoi’s urban landscape. Furthermore, the project’s history serves as a valuable case study for developers and investors, highlighting both the potential and the challenges of undertaking ambitious projects in emerging markets.
